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Yesterday β€” 15 May 2024Phys.org - latest science and technology news stories

The tide is turning against a controversial term accused of covering up deaths in police custody

Updated medical guidance on "excited delirium," the controversial term accused of covering up deaths in police custody, including that of George Floyd, is being brought forward before its scheduled date of October 2025, reports The BMJ.

From roots to resilience: Investigating the vital role of microbes in coastal plant health

Georgia's saltwater marshesβ€”living where the land meets the oceanβ€”stretch along the state's entire 100-mile coastline. These rich ecosystems are largely dominated by just one plant: grass.

Temperature, time and blueberry wine: Researchers examine fermentation's effects on health-promoting compounds

Nutrient-rich blueberriesβ€”a common breakfast smoothie ingredientβ€”can also create wine. But does the heat and time required to ferment this mighty berry strip out any of those potential health-promoting compounds? Researchers in ACS Food Science & Technology examine fermentation's effects on the bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity in blueberry wine. The results suggest blueberry wine maintains some of the fruit's nutrients and the team identifies ways to optimize components in this superfood tipple.

Five things to know about how NASA's tiny twin polar satellites will study the Arctic and Antarctic

Twin shoebox-size climate satellites will soon be studying two of the most remote regions on Earth: the Arctic and Antarctic. The NASA mission will measure the amount of heat the planet emits into space from these polar regionsβ€”information that's key to understanding the balance of energy coming into and out of Earth and how that affects the planet's climate.

Researchers make a surprising discovery: Magnetism in a common material for microelectronics

Nickel monosilicide (NiSi) is widely used to connect transistors in semiconductor circuits. Earlier theoretical calculations had incorrectly predicted that NiSi was not magnetic. As a result, researchers had never fully explored magnetism in NiSi.

Novel research sheds light on Amazonian birds' thermoregulatory strategies in a changing environment

A pioneering study published in Oikos has revealed novel insights into how a select group of birds in the Amazon rainforest, known as terrestrial insectivores, is coping with the ever-increasing threats posed by global climate change.

Carbon dioxide removal: Feasibility study evaluates possible measures for Germany

In order for Germany to become climate neutral by 2045, CO2 emissions must first be drastically and permanently reduced. However, CDR measures alone cannot remove the large quantities of CO2 that are emitted in Germany. It is assumed that they can offset only approx. 5–15% of the current emissions.

Monitoring strategies of suspended matter after natural and deep-sea mining disturbances

"Dust clouds" at the bottom of the deep sea, that will be created by deep-sea mining activities, descend at a short distance for the most part. That is shown by Ph.D. research of NIOZ marine geologist Sabine Haalboom, on the bottom of the Pacific Ocean.

Study demonstrates self-similar fractal stress is more suitable for destructive scenario earthquake simulation

Scenario earthquakes are useful in assessing earthquake hazards along active faults. However, determining the sources of destructive scenario earthquakes, particularly when dealing with heterogeneous stresses, can be challenging.

An environmental CGE model of China's economy: Modeling choices and application

Computable general equilibrium (CGE) model is an important policy guidance tool for pollution reduction and emission control objectives. An article, published in Energy and Climate Management, introduces the economic module, energy module, macroscopic closure, dynamic mechanism, algorithm and back-of-the-envelope of a CGE. Then, it shows how to extend the CGE to carbon tax and carbon trading market, energy rebound effect, environmental tax and disclosure, and carbon neutral strategies.

Research investigates structural evolution and high-temperature sensing performance of polymer-derived SiAlBCN ceramics

Gang Shao's group from Zhengzhou University, China recently investigated the structural evolution of pentagonal polymer-derived SiAlBCN ceramics (PDCs) and outlined PDC-based sensor technology for high-temperature extreme environments. The high-performance temperature sensing materials including high sensitivity, fast response, wide detection range are scarce and needing.

Penalties for dropping out of ecosystem services incentive programs should equal lost environmental benefits

Payment for Ecosystem Services programs (PES) are important tools that governments around the world use to improve water quality, protect forests and wildlife habitat, and sequester carbon. Under these programs, landownersβ€”usually farmersβ€”are paid to use their land in ways that protect or restore the environment, such as replacing row crops with trees or grassy zones adjacent to waterways. Many PES program contracts last 5 to 20 years, but participant drop out rates have consistently risen over the years.

Colorado wolf found dead last month was likely killed by a mountain lion, federal officials say

The reintroduced Colorado wolf found dead last month in Larimer County likely died after being attacked by a mountain lion, according to a necropsy conducted by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.

What fire ants can teach us about making better self-healing materials

Fire ants form rafts to survive flooding, but how do those bonds work? And what can we learn from them? A Binghamton University, State University of New York professor is researching those questions to expand our knowledge of materials science.

Mechanism of purple color and flavor of HongShanCaiTai, the imperial dish of China, revealed

Brassica has long been of paramount importance to agriculture and human nutrition, containing diverse popular crops such as kale, cauliflower, rapeseed, turnip, pak choi, cabbage, mustard, and choy sum, which are of high economic value worldwide. Till now, the genomes of more than 20 Brassica rapa crops have been assembled. However, fully complete genomes of B. rapa have yet to be assembled.

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